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Although it is a concept widely used in Latin America, the definition of travesti is controversial, and it is still regarded as a transphobic slur depending on the context. Researchers have generally proposed one of three main hypotheses to define travestis: that they constitute a " third gender" (like the hijras of India and the muxe of Mexico), that they reinforce the gender binarism of their society, or that they actually deconstruct the category of gender altogether. They have been studied by various disciplines, especially anthropology, which has extensively documented the phenomenon in both classical and more recent ethnographies.
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Travesti identities are heterogeneous and multiple, so it is difficult to reduce them to universal explanations. The arrival of these concepts occurred later in Latin America than in Europe, so the concept of travesti lasted over time with various connotations. In Spain, the term was used in a similar way during the Franco era, but it was replaced with the advent of the medical model of transsexuality in the late 1980s and early 1990s, in order to rule out negative stereotypes. Other terms have been invented and are used in South America in an attempt to further distinguish it from cross-dressing, drag, or pathologizing connotations. '"transvestite"') is used in Latin America-to designate people who were assigned male at birth, but develop a gender identity according to different expressions of femininity. A group of travestis portrayed in Salta, Argentina in 1988.